During attempted cannulation of the right internal jugular vein, the exploring needle goes lateral to the vein. Which of the following structures is most likely to be encountered?
If the low-pressure alarm of an anesthesia circuit is broken, which of the following monitors will provide the earliest indication of a disconnected ventilator hose?
A 35-year-old woman with a grade III subarachnoid hemorrhage is undergoing clipping of a middle cerebral artery aneurysm 48 hours after initial hemorrhage. Which of the following drugs used to induce hypotension is LEAST likely to affect intracranial pressure?
In an anesthetized patient being mechanically ventilated, end-expired carbon dioxide is 58 mmHg and peak inspiratory airway pressure is 15 cmH20. Ventilator settings indicate a delivered tidal volume of 800 ml, but the expiratory flowmeter shows a tidal volume of 360 ml. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this discrepancy?
(A) Fresh gas flow of 0.5 L/min
(B) Incompetence of the pressure-relief valve
(C) Low ventilatory rate
(D) Presence of a hole in the ventilator bellows
(E) Prolongation of the inspiratory phase
B
When compared with diazepam, midazolam
(A) metabolites contribute more significantly to the sedative effect
(B) elimination is less dependent on hepatic metabolism
(C) has more predictable action after intramuscular administration
(D) produces less respiratory depression
(E) produces less hypotension during induction of anesthesia with opioids